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cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ca/post/545790 > Epm pg 109 > > Mtl law book > > Controlled drugs and substances act, cdsa. Substances on this list are controlled substances. > Schedules are categories substances fall into > > If lose case can be deported > > If you possess over the legal limit of pot can be imprisoned post 2018 still. 2018 is when pot was legalized. > > There are provincial and federal laws > > The police arrest but the crown charges. Crown can charge for a different crime then police arrested for. > > If you are being prosecuted then there are charges against you in a criminal file > > The crown and police have a lot discretionary power with your treatment and your file. Crown is like prosecutor, not police. > > Director of penal and criminal prosecutions, DPCP, prosecutor provincial boss, instruct and provide guidance for prosecutors. Other provinces have their own name. > > Jury or judge acquit which means your innocent. Prosecutor can also withdraw charges "withdrawn" status. > > Sentence are possible consequences of being guilty > > Priors are prior criminal record > > Law enforcement officer: immigration officers, police, youth protection agents, municipal inspectors, correctional officers etc. > > Black, indigenous, racialized and migrant communities, people who are known to the police, are targeted more by police, meaning police also violate their human rights more often. Sentenced more harshly than whites. Drug laws are historically created to target these groups. > > Systematic bias: those with authority, even incl teachers, have explicit or implicit bias against certain communities > > Racial profiling: officers target certain groups of ppl and postal codes more. > > Anti gang squad, anti gun squad, anti radicalization are dog whistles for targetting minorities. Also includes applying additional surv eillance to target group. > > During say a anti gun police raids, they can prosecute the raided for any illegal drugs the cops find. This results in potential criminals fearing to call the police bc if there is an investigation the police could nail the caller. If a sex worker has HIV and does not disclose their HIV status it counts as sexual assault, meaning if a John beats her up, risky to call the cops on him. > > If have PR status and found guilty could be deported/removal. Some drug addicts only are PRs. > > Anytime you speak to police you are making a statement. Crown can use these statements to convince someone else to plead guilty or convict. Your silence cannot incriminate but your statement might. > > Police allowed to lie. Will do anything really to get a statement. Don't react to any of their behaviours, comments, or questions since that can be a statement. Try to remain silent. But many ppl do not have the privilege of remaining quiet, ex that can worsen police behavior. > > Rehearse how to speak to police without providing any incriminating statements if you think you want to make a statement. > > Police cannot arrest you if they don't identity at least 1 offence. On arrest they give undertaking paper or hold you until court date. > > After released by police, prosecutor might decide not to prosecute. If police are holding you after arrest your 1st court date happens after 1-3 days. Sentencing may be postponed until therapy/school/work etc is complete. > > 1st court case is usually 1-3 days after arrest, then bail applies for the 2nd court date in like months/yrs. When released after arrest can be released without conditions. > > If plead guilty with lawyer, lawyer can negotiate to have certain charges withdrawn > > Cannabis act covers cannabis. > > You can be acquitted of 1 charge while charged with the others > > Willing blindness: you are supposed to inquire about the nature of a delivery you are driving if the package seems suspicious. > > 4(1) Possession, "Simple possession": to prosecute evidence needed: knowledge/willful blindness that substance in your possession and knowledge/willful blindness that it is a controlled substance named in the cdsa and measure of control/consent to their possession > Law requires measurable quantity of drug, ex residue in a bag > If there are drugs in your car and you are the driver or passenger, it cannot be the only reason for a conviction. > Possession - drugs don't have to be on you. > Willful blindness - you ought to have know you have the drugs in your possession > Knowledge of your possession is proven by it's location (hidden or in sight), whether police have statements by you or others. > Schedule 4 substances and lower cannot be found guilty of simple possession, but can be found guilty of other offences like trafficking > > Double doctoring/ 4(2) obtaining a practitioner: asked dr for prescription or drugs without disclosing that info about the drug that u received in the last 30 days. Both for personal usage and for dealing. Uncommon charge. > > 5(1) Drug trafficking, trafficking in substance: proof must prove that you did 1 of the following or that you offered to do one of the following: > - Selling drug or prescription: incl if the sale is not completed. > - helping or encouraging someone to buy/sell. Bringing the buyer to the seller and if without this help the sale would never have taken place. Introducing a potential buyer to a seller is sometimes prosecutable depending on the judge. It sounds like it might only be an offense if accused works for the dealer and arranges the meeting between buyer and seller, but not clear. > - giving drugs for free or for "free" is still trafficking > - cannot administer illegal drugs even if asked too > - if transporting home for personal consumption only, simple possession. But if or the purposes of sharing with friend, roommate then trafficking. > Exceptions: inside safe injection site for drug checking purposes. > Buying doesn't seem to be trafficking. > Selling a prescription (the paper) is trafficking > - Max sentence is life > > 5(2) Possession for the purposes of trafficking: simple possession + purpose/intent of trafficking. > Large quantity helpful to prosecutor but not required. > Presence of measuring, packaging equipment, multiple bagged quantities, large amounts of cash, notebooks can be evidence. > - Max sentence is life > > Drug trafficking: sale, gift, administrating drug, transport of drug. > > Case study: > Nat brought cdsa drug to share with client at motel. Client overdoses and Nat has to call 911. Police show up too. She admits to cops that she bought the drugs and that he asked for them so the cops know it was his idea. She is convicted of trafficking. > > 6(1) Import (or export) and 6(2) possession for the purpose of import (or export): all must be proven: > Bought drugs/organized their entry into Canada > Knowledge/willful blindness/recklessness that controlled substance > Intention to import the substance > Bring drugs or organize their entry into the country: happens as soon as drug enters/leaves any country and continues until drug arrives at final destination in Canada in a person's possession. If in transit through mtl and Toronto offence has take place in both locations. You don't have to have been personally transporting the drugs or even present at the place of entry to be charged. If police intercept the drugs in transit, irrelevant to defense. > Crown doesnt have to prove you know the precise nature of the drug. > Recklessness: ex accused caught with 2 bottles of wine that contain dissolved cocaine, since the cocaine amount was large, the producer prob wouldn't give this bottle to a blind courier. > Behaviour following importation may provide convincing evidence of participation in offence: meeting with ppl, receiving calls of short duration at late hours, coded language by accused+accomplices, using public telephones to talk to "accomplices" despite owning a cell. > After drug arrives to final destination, other ppl cannot be prosecuted for "possession for purposes of import" > Police are specifically looking for fake suitcases on flights being carried by women 30s-40s > > 7(1) Production of substance, 7.1(1) possession, sale, etc for use in production or trafficking: production - manufacturing, harvesting, growing, etc. > Offence includes offering to produce drug > Evidence must prove you have some control over location/operation of production: cannot be convicted for simply being in a place of production. > Police usually do detailed surveillance against accused first. Warrants for interception of private communication, track/trace (surveillance device on car), garbage searches, search warrants > Police usually find out when purchase of large or suspicious purchases that are commonly used in drug production. > > If police are at your house for a DV investigation and they see a baggie of what looks like heroin, can result in arrest. > > Possession means: you have it on your personal possession, you know a friend is holding it for you, you know that you have hidden it somewhere. > If your friend is holding a cdsa drug for you and they know it's cdsa drug, then you both are in possession. > If the cops raid your grandma's house and you stores cdsa drugs there, she will not be convicted. > > Knowledge of the drug: you just have to know it's a controlled substance, not what it is specifically to be convicted. > > Judges sentence more harshly depending on drug type. Ex if there are current anti meth events or media, worse sentence. > > Possession of methadone/opioid agonist treatments (OAT): > - Health care providers don't need permission to prescribe, administer, sell/provide methadone to patients. Patients need a order/prescription. To own methadone must be a patient or health care provider basically. > > Initial meeting with a judge after arrest is a bail hearing. > > To get bail: > - better odds if minor crime > - have $ via bail or signing a "recognizance" that says you'll pay bail. Get both back later on. A "surety" (friend) can pay for you. > - fixed address that isn't a homeless shelter > - ties to the community - family, legal job, studies, community engagement > - proof of how will support self legally > - having a friend reserve you a spot in rehab > - indigenous > > Conditions can prevent you from owning a cell phone. > > Causing death by criminal negligence and manslaughter for giving drugs to someone who overdosed. rare. Can be convicted if you and a friend are shooting up together and you shoot them up at their request and then they die. > Accidentally bringing a drug that contains fentanyl and your friend dies. > Harsher punishment if accused is much older than decreased or if deceased is not much of a drug user. > > Crown can withdraw some charges but keep others. > > A guilty plea only may help improve sentencing. If pleading guilty better to do it before the trial. > > Didn't type up schedule 1-7 drugs pg 38, 39 > Schedule 1: opioids, meth, Adderall, ghb, methadone, MDMA > Schedule 2: synthetic cannabinoids, most cannabis is regulated by the cannabis act now. > 3: shrooms, lsd > 4: zolpidem, steroids, benzodiazepines > 5: not in the book if it exists > 6: ingredients to manufacture drugs > 9: manufacturing equipment ex machines to fill pills > > Selling other medications like idk ibuprofen could be a civil matter where the gov might issue a large fine against you and failure to pay the fine results in conviction. > > Sentencing - court determines punishment, ex prison, fines > > If your lawyer and prosecutor agree on a specific sentence during a guilty plea, judge will most likely accept that, but judge doesn't have to. > > Types of sentences: un/conditional discharge, fine, suspended sentence with probation and conditions (ex community service, rehab) imprisonment in institution or in community. > > Being guilty can have other effects like travel ban to USA. > > Sentencing considers: type and context of offence, circumstances of arrest, criminal record/priors, first charge for this kind of offence, current situation, level of detail and assurances in rehab plan, are there victims, prosecuted as summary or indictable offense. > Unofficially judge considers bias like being anti-sex worker. > > Prosecuted for either indictable offense or summary offense. sometimes the law decides which, sometimes prosecutor does. Determines max sentence and severity judge will serve. > > Indictable offense - more serious. Some crimes are always indictable. > Summary - less serious > > Aggravating factors - reasons court gives harsher sentence: > - Not having a drug addiction at the time of offence > - priors > - commited offence for financial gain > - breach of trust > - etc > > Mitigating factors - reasons court gives better sentence: > - guilty plea > - been in drug rehab if had drug addiction at the time of the crime (get letters from case workers) > - age > - remorse > - community involvement > - etc > > Mandatory minimum sentences, Mms. > > Since 2012 Mms higher and a bunch of drugs moved up in schedule > > Gladue report: > - optional for accused. > - affects all parts of court > - prepared by some org > - for anyone who identifies as indigenous > > Impact of race and culture assessment IRCA: > - A few provinces have this > - gladue for black ppl > - judge can legally ignore it > - exists bc black ppl have faced a lot of adversity > > Stimga = negative stereotypes > > Ppl who use drug usually get worse treatment from justice system. > > If you participate in a treatment program pre sentencing, it can reduce your sentence or/and delay legal proceedings. Court needs to recognize its value and legitimacy. Court can also force you to attend a program of their choosing which can be like prison-lite. You can propose your plan to the court. > > Special tribunals in mtrl regulate the provincial court treatment programs. > > Many sex workers gain access to new resources and opportunities which can allow them change their condition and protect themselves. Anti sex worker laws deny them of this and their agency. > > Drug addicts and sex workers are constantly stimgatized especially if they do sex work and use drugs. > > Sex workers: > Try to represent as a victim for a reduced sentence: > - apologize and show remorse about your sex work > - talk about how you're a victim of sex work > - allow the court to paint your sex work as all the problems in your life > - make no claim about the useful of sex work in your life > - be poor, get exploited by clients/pimps > - when the court tells you to stop talking to other sex workers, drug users, clients, do it. > > If you are between 12-17 YO: > - youth criminal justice act or director of youth protection applies to you, 1 or the other, you can sorta pick > - "very serious" crimes you're prosecuted as an adult, so public criminal record > - if an adult works with you on a crime it worsen the adults sentence > > Police can charge you for possession of a weapon of they find a scissors or pocket knife > > If police find you with a gun, they can easily give you 3 yrs. Weapons bans are 10 yrs. > > Immigrants: > - try to get either type of discharge (conditional or unconditional), that's the same as not guilty in immigration law. > - refugees without Canadian citizenship can be deported > - if you don't have PR, a hybrid offense or 2 summary offenses can get you deported > - PR: receive a 6 month sentence or guilty of a crime that has max sentence of 10 yrs. > - with an expired visa, cops database doesn't have that kind of info, but they could call Canadian Border Safety Agency (CBSA) > > worse charges for drug trafficking if offence happens near school or other place frequented by minors, or on correctional facility grounds, or in a gang, setting traps, using someone else's building, creating hazards in a residential neighborhood > > Indictable offence usually don't have fines associated with them. > > Cannabis act (CA) > - distribution and trafficking are the same thing > - having on possession for sale is illegal > - public place: public has assess too and any vehicle located in public view > - generally refers to dried cannabis, usually 30g or equivalent > > Illicit cannabis is illegally obtained cannabis. It doesn't have the gov stamp of approval > > Some ppl give a fake name to cops bc risk of being identified is worse than the risk of obstruction. > If you give police a fake address, they might mail court papers to that address and you won't be able to receive them. > If you give the cops a fake name and need to retract it, try to say it's a "nickname but my legal name is x" > > Recording cops: > - legal for you to record cops unless property owner has rules against it, recording actually does interfer with the investigation > - police may tell you that it's illegal. Might charge with obstruction, or say you're breaking like privacy, take your recording device, demand you erase recording, say they're seizing your phone bc it contains evidence > - if police seize your phone, they could find incriminating evidence to charge you or someone else with another crime > > Frisking: > - cops can legally if u are arrested. Only supposed to if they thinking you have a dangerous item on you and are a threat to someone's safety. If you get upset this increases the odds they'll search you. If they are searching you for weapons not supposed to search you for other things like drugs, phones, tattoos etc. They can use this to search for needles to identify you as a drug user > - searching you for evidence of the crime they say you committed > - if you're temporarily detained/being questioned same thing > - if you give them permission to search you or your property, they will. To prevent this say loudly "I do not consent to the search" and "je ne consens pas a une fouille" (jeh neh koh sehn pah ah oon foo yeh) > - if an illegal search results in say drug charges, the drug charges could be withdrawn > - if unlawful arrest (ex police brutality) then the subsequent search might be illegal > > Seizures: > - can seize items in a warrant. Ask to see and read the warrant. > - if the warrant is to search a location, must have that address, specific area they can search, and list items theyre searching for > - ask cops for a copy of the report identifying the seized items and where the items are being held > Can seize items without warrant if they think it's related to a crime, ex: - weapons that may have been used in the offense, Items that provide evidence like phones, scales, note books, items obtained through criminal offenses like money from drug selling, > They can seize items before any arrests > While you're detained they will frequently go through your phone > Note down: everything they seize, when, whom, where you were at the time. Careful about "obstructing" police while you do this, record officer name, patrol car number, badge number and other identitying info, knowing seizing location helpful for trying to get your things back, if an item is evidence you won't get it back til the end of the case, if it's considered proceeds of a crime you'll likely never get it back, illegal things you will never get back > > While detained, you can try asking a guard or lawyer if you can use your phone to get phone numbers, usually they'll say no. Guards will be able to read your phone while this happens. Memorize the numbers of potential sureties. > > Don't have incriminating evidence about yourself or your associates > > Drug use equipment: > - can legally distribute unused drug equipment > - if you have drugs on you, having sterile drug equipment can be used as additional evidence against you > - may still be seized by security > - If you're hanging out with a drug users and you're searched and they find sterile needles, they may then search your companion > > Being detained: > - physical detention is like being cuffed > - psychological - they tell you you're not free to leave/act like you can't leave > - can detain for: you're connected to a crime, being a witness, victim, breaking a bylaws, warrant however discretionary power means they might not for a warrant, being present at a raid > - technically don't have to identify yourself, but police will likely arrest you for obstruction > - police have to tell you why > > Being stopped and questioned: > - just bc you are in the area a crime took place, doesn't mean they can stop and question you legally unless you match suspect description. They will anyway if they want > > Warrants apply country wide > > Arrested: > - cops must tell you what you're being arrested for > - they'll let you go with an "appearance notice" that may include conditions > - you'll receive a "summons" in the mail is really an appearance notice > - keep you in detention for a few days until a judge sees you > - If you have kids, get a criminal lawyer and family law lawyer > - if you're an immigrant criminal lawyer and immigration lawyer/expert > > You can negotiate conditions, like if banned from an area but have dr appointments there. Lawyer can do this. > > If cops question you or tell you to go with them: > - ask "am I free to leave? Am I being detained or arrested" if unclear ask again, if still unclear make motions to leave and leave if they don't stop you > - if detained: "what am I being detained for?" > - if arrested: "what am I being arrested for?" > -- you have the right to ask and to speak to a lawyer > - technically illegal for them to detain you due to trying to bring you to a shelter or rehab etc > > Police legally have to wear badge number and name tag and have to identify themselves if you ask them to > > After abusive police interaction, note down: - when, where event happened > - held anywhere? Conditions of where you were held? Location? > - officer names, numbers, car numbers > - what was searched? When, where, how did it happen? > - who was searched? How and where were they searched? Name and badge number of cop. > - Dmges? take pics > - who was detained? We're they offered an interpreter of needed? Do they speak the same language as the officer? > - give all the info to lawyer > > If cop grabs you and you pull away they might try to charge you with assault of an officer > > Prep for dealing with police: > - anyone in my party break a law? Any warrants? Youth protection involved with anyone? > - if we're stopped by police, are we all staying silent, all giving the same info? Other plan? > - are cops targetting me, the neighborhood? > - if cops targetting someone else, can I walk away? > - is my hangout area heavily surveilled? Is my party heavily surveilled? > - if I have id, does it reflect the name I'm gonna tell the cops? What happens if an officer shows up who knows me? > - how to respond to cops if my kids are with me? > - condition breach? > - am I carrying anything arrestable? Plan if they search me? > - are all my incriminating items hidden from plain view? > - what police consequences is most harmful to me? What am I most concerned about? What am I willing to do to avoid these? > - can I role play with someone? > > Good Samaritan overdose act (Good Sam law): > - If someone is overdosing and you call 911, police legally aren't supposed to arrest you or anyone else there, incl overdosee for simple possession or simple possession condition breaches > - everything else they can arrest you for. And they are known to use the opportunity to extract arrests > Consider: throwing away/hiding your illegal drugs, tell others there you called 911 so they can leave, tell dispatch that area is safe so maybe police won't come, should I leave and get someone else to stay or leave a note on the overdosees, > > Security guards, transit officers, etc: > - no legal requirement to speak with them > - they can citizens arrest you physically legally if they see you doing it > - cannot legally search you > - can legally use reasonable force to remove you from a building > - Montreal public transit security can become special constables easily and can detain and arrest ppl suspected of criminal activity on mtl transit. Can access police database. > - All public transit security can fine and issues tickets related to their public transit. You're required to provide them name, address, dob > > Driving a vehicle: > - if you are driving, police have more authority, like asking for ID, breathalyze > - police can stop vehicles bc: see a driving violation, believe the vehicle is related or a crime, routine police blockade for like drunk drivers passing > - often use license plates to determine if the car was stolen or a getaway vehicle or whatnot > - police pulling over ppl in high crime areas for no other reason is illegal > - important to not have knife, drug residue on plain view > - if you're too shaky, pink eyes, they know lol in the car as drug dealers, they're more likely to find you suspicious > - after arresting driver, they can legally search your vehicle if it's related to why they arrested you, ex they arrest you for drugs and then they can then search the vehicle for more drugs > - more likely to search your vehicle if you're wearing a bulletproof vest > - can search the vehicle legally for "safety", they see you have weapons charges and then they search the vehicle or if they have reason to fear for imminent evidence loss, fear imminent threat to someone's safety > - legally easier for police to search your car then pat you down. > - police can only legally ask driver for ID unless they turn the stop into an investigation in which case they can then ask everyone in the vehicle for ID > - sleeping in your vehicle: take keys out of ignition, sleep in the back. Police may still harrass you and say it's in relation to criminal charges > > Investigations: > - begin for any reason, even via anonymous tip line calls > - often police with surveill and if they see suspicious activity, they get a warrant > > Residential location: > - greatest privacy from police here legally, however: if owner unknown, abandon, frequented by marginalized ppl, police more likely to invade > - when can they enter your house: generally police cannot enter without a warrant unless the person who answers the door consents, if they think someone inside is about to commit a crime or that a crime is in progress, in hot pursuit and the runner enters the house, if they think someone inside's life is in danger > - if you don't consent to them entering say: I do NOT consent to you entering, je ne consens pas a ce que vous rentrez (jeh neh Kon sen pah ah seh voo rehn-tray) > - can get warrants to enter for unpaid tickets, money owed to revenue Quebec > - police search your home when: someone being arrested there and police think something is a danger to other potential occupants, police fear imminent lose of evidence, medical emergencies (Medicare card, suicide notes) > - if they see something suspicious (drugs, scales, large sums of cash) in plain view (from your door, or anything they see if you allow them to enter. Even if you let them in, they're not supposed to search your house or roam to other rooms) they can seize it.
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www.womenonwaves.org
cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ml/post/348257 > Copypasta in case website goes down: > > Language: English > Who Are We? > Campaigns > Press > Become Active > Sex, Abortion, & Birth > Safe Sex > Am I Pregnant? > How to Abort at home with Pills (misoprostol, cytotec)? > Safe birth with Misoprostol > Questions and Answers > Sexual health and abortion services worldwide > Warning, fake abortion pills for sale online!! > Resources > Donate! > Contact > Sign up for newsletters > info@womenonwaves.org > Share this page > > How to Abort at home with Pills (misoprostol, cytotec)? > > The best and safest way a woman can do an abortion herself until the 12th week of pregnancy is with the use of two medicines called Mifepristone (also known as the abortion pill, RU 486, Mifegyn, Mifeprex, Zacafemyl), and Misoprostol (also known as Cytotec, Arthrotec, Oxaprost, Cyprostol, Mibetec, Prostokos or Misotrol). If you live in a country where there is no access to safe abortion services and you would like to obtain a medical abortion with Mifepristone and Misoprostol, please go to Women on Web (www.womenonweb.org). > > There are 2 ways to do a medical abortion safely and effectively: > > > 1- Abortion pills through Women on Web > > To obtain a medical abortion with Mifepristone and Misoprostol, please go to Women on Web (www.womenonweb.org) and do the online consultation through https://www.womenonweb.org/en/i-need-an-abortion to get a safe medical abortion using Mifepristone and Misoprostol. Women on Web is an on-line medical abortion referral service that will refer your consultation to a licensed doctor. You will also be asked to make a donation of 70, 80 or 90 euros depending on your economic circumstance and where you live, to make sure that the service continues to be available to help all women. You can make the donation using a credit card or bank transfer. > > If the website is blocked please send an email to:info@womenonweb.org > 2- On this webpage you can find more information about doing an abortion with the use of Misoprostol alone (approximately 94% effective). > > It is very important that you know how many weeks pregnant you are. Have you taken a pregnancy test to confirm your pregnancy? If you cannot have an ultrasound, calculate the duration of pregnancy by counting the number of days since the first day of your last menstrual period. > > Using Misoprostol (or Cytotec) alone to cause an abortion will be successful 94% of the time. If it is not effective the first time, you can try again after 3 days. The information is based on research by the World Health Organization. > Women who live in a country where they have the possibility to have a safe and legal abortion, should go to a doctor. For abortion clinics worldwide, see https://www.womenonwaves.org/en/map/country > If you live in a country where there is no access to safe abortion services and you would like to obtain a medical abortion with Mifepristone and Misoprostol, please go to Women on Web (www.womenonweb.org). > Some women attempt to have an abortion by placing sharp or dirty objects into the womb or by punching the belly. This is very dangerous and should never be done because there is a very high risk of wounding the insides of the woman, infection, heavy bleeding and even death. > > For many women, ending a pregnancy is a difficult decision. When the woman cannot discuss the abortion or alternatives with a healthcare provider, we advise her to talk about it with a good friend or a relative. We strongly advise any young girl to talk with her parents or another adult she trusts about her situation, her decision and the abortion procedure. > Women who are sure that they want to end their pregnancy and have no other means should print and study the instructions carefully first. It is best to discuss them with a friend. A woman should never do this alone. > > If you have any questions about this method or experiences you want to share, after reading the information below, send email to info@womenonweb.org > How does an abortion with Misoprostol work? > > Misoprostol for medical abortion works best in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. After that, there is an increased risk of a complication and need for medical attention. If you are considering using misoprostol after 12 weeks, please contact info@womenonweb.org for instructions; these instructions are for women who are 12 weeks or earlier in their pregnancy. > > Misoprostol causes contractions of the womb. As a consequence, the womb expels the pregnancy. A woman can get painful cramps, vaginal blood loss that is more than a normal menstruation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. There is a risk of heavy bleeding for which a woman will have to be treated by a doctor. > The chance that an abortion with Misoprostol will be successful is 94%. Misoprostol is available in pharmacies in almost all countries. > The experience and risks of an abortion caused by Misoprostol are similar to those of a spontaneous miscarriage. > > Miscarriage happens spontaneously in 15-20% of all pregnancies. > > The treatment of complications is the same as those of a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage). If there is a problem, a woman can always go to the hospital or any doctor. The doctor will treat her as if she had a spontaneous miscarriage. There is no way the doctor will know that the woman took medicines. > > We will now provide some important information that every woman who thinks about inducing an abortion with medicines should know. > A woman should make sure she is pregnant. > > She can do a pregnancy test or have an ultrasound. > Misoprostol should only be used if a woman is 100% sure that she wants to end the pregnancy. > A woman should try to have an ultrasound before taking Misoprostol. > > An ultrasound shows whether the pregnancy is in the womb and the length (number of weeks) of a woman's pregnancy. > Misoprostol should not be used after 12 or more weeks of pregnancy. > > A pregnancy of twelve weeks means 84 days (12 weeks) after the first day of the last menstrual period. If a woman thinks she has been pregnant for more than twelve weeks, or if the ultrasound shows this, we do not advise to take Misoprostol unless the woman has medical supervision. > The medicine still works, but the risk of heavy bleeding, serious pain and complications increase the longer the pregnancy lasts. > A woman should not do the abortion alone. > > While having the abortion, it is important to have someone close by; this can be the partner, a friend or a relative who knows about the abortion and who can help in case of complications. Once the bleeding starts, someone should stay in contact with the woman to be able to help in case complications occur. > Misoprostol can only be used without medical guidance when a woman has no serious illness. > > Most illnesses are no problem. Some serious illnesses, such as, for instance, severe anaemia, can create problems because of the heavy blood loss involved. > Serious illnesses are sometimes a reason for a legal abortion, even in countries with restrictive laws. > > Do not use alcohol or drugs during the treatment!!! The woman must be able to pay close attention to what is happening in her body. If the cramps are very painful, she can use Ibuprofen, or a hot water bottle or heating pad, but never alcohol or drugs. > Misoprostol should not be used when there is a possibility of an ectopic (or extra-uterine) pregnancy. > > An ectopic (or extra-uterine pregnancy) is not in the womb (uterus). An ectopic pregnancy can be detected by having an ultrasound. Treatment by a gynaecologist is then necessary to ensure the health of the woman. If not treated, there is a risk of heavy internal bleeding due to rupturing of the fallopian tube. > Gynaecologists treat women for this condition in all countries, even in countries where abortion is illegal. An ectopic pregnancy cannot be treated with Misoprostol. > Misoprostol should not be used if the woman has an intra uterine device (IUD). > > An IUD is a contraceptive, a small coil of about 3 cm inserted by a doctor in the womb to prevent pregnancy. A Woman who has an IUD and is pregnant must have an ultrasound made because the risk of an ectopic pregnancy is higher. If the pregnancy is in the uterus, it is necessary to have the IUD removed before using doing the abortion. > Misoprostol should only be used when transportation within a few hours to a hospital is possible. > > That way, if complications occur, medical aid will be near. > Misoprostol should never be used if the woman is allergic to Misoprostol or any other prostaglandin. > > This is a rare condition, which a woman will be aware of if she has used these medicines and had such a reaction before. If she has never used the medicine before, she cannot have experienced an allergic reaction. > There is a possibility that the attempt to cause an abortion with Misoprostol will fail. > > The chance that using Misoprostol will cause an abortion is 94%. The treatment has failed if the medicines do not cause any bleeding at all or there was bleeding but the pregnancy still continued. The woman can try to use the medicines again after a few days, but this can fail again. There is only an ongoing pregnancy in 6% of cases. > > > If more than 14 days after the use of Misoprostol no abortion has occurred, and if no doctor is willing to help, there remains no other option than to travel to another country to have a legal abortion, contact women on web, or to keep the pregnancy. > There is a small increased risk of birth defects such as deformities of the hands or feet and problems with the nerves of the foetus, if the pregnancy continues after attempting abortion with these medicines. Some doctors might consider this as a reason for a legal abortion, so try to find one. > A possible sexual transmitted infection should be treated. > > If there is a risk of a sexual transmitted infection (STI, also known as a sexually transmitted disease, STD) such as Chlamydia or Gonorrhoea, arrange an examination with
Basically... A query param is like ?id=100. So https://rakka.tk/book?id=5&chapter=1 has two query params. And the significance is that it's in the URL. So when the server sees it, if the URL is logged, it'll contain all of that. URLs are pretty much always logged. So now you have auth tokens (effectively passwords) in logs, which are rarely encrypted or protected, since logs aren't meant to contain sensitive information.